meta/lib/meta/accounts/user.ex

defmodule Meta.Accounts.User do
  use Ecto.Schema
  import Ecto.Changeset
  require Logger
  alias Meta.{LDAP,Accounts}
  alias Meta.Accounts.User
  alias Meta.Repo

  @min_password_lenght 6
  @max_password_lenght 80

  @derive {Inspect, except: [:password]}
  schema "users" do
    field :username, :string
    field :password, :string, virtual: true
    field :dn, :string, virtual: true
    field :email, :string, virtual: true
    field :confirmed_at, :naive_datetime
    field :partner_id, :integer
    field :captcha, :integer, virtual: :true

    has_many :keys, Accounts.Key

    timestamps()
  end

  # Note: the returned LDAP values usually are lists of charlist (e.g. `%{'uid'
  # => ['myusername']}`).
  defp get_ldap_attributes(%User{username: uid}), do: get_ldap_attributes(uid)
  defp get_ldap_attributes(uid) do
    query = fn ldap_conn -> LDAP.search(ldap_conn, :uid, uid) end
    case query |> LDAP.execute do
      {:ok, []} -> {:error, "could not find matching object"}
      {:ok, [entry]} -> {:ok, entry}
      {:ok, [_entry|_]} -> {:error, "found more than one object with uid #{uid}"}
      {:error, err} -> {:error, inspect(err)}
    end
  end

  def maybe_populate_ldap_attributes(user) do
    # TODO: could be useful to cache this data somehow, perhaps in an ETS
    # table? We query the LDAP server every time we try to fetch an user's
    # data at the moment, which is inefficient.

    case get_ldap_attributes(user) do
      {:ok, %{:mail => [raw_email], :dn => raw_dn}} ->
        email = List.to_string(raw_email)
        dn = List.to_string(raw_dn)
        user |> Map.put(:email, email) |> Map.put(:dn, dn)
      {:ok, _} ->
        Logger.warn("Malformed LDAP user object")
        user
      {:error, err} ->
        Logger.warn("Error querying LDAP backend: #{err}")
        user
    end
  end

  defp get_last_ldap_uid() do
    query = fn ldap_conn ->
      LDAP.search(ldap_conn, :objectClass, 'posixAccount')
    end

    case query |> LDAP.execute do
      {:ok, entries} ->
        uids = Enum.map(entries, fn entry ->
          entry.uidNumber |> Enum.at(0) |> List.to_integer
        end)

      {:ok, uids |> Enum.max()}
      {:error, err} -> {:error, err}
    end
  end

  defp create_ldap_user(%User{} = user) do
    # TODO: read dn template from conf, gid_number
    conf = Application.get_env(:meta, :ldap)
    basetree = conf |> Keyword.get(:base_dn)
    default_group_gid = conf |> Keyword.get(:default_group_gid, 1000)

    dn = ("uid=" <> user.username <> ",ou=Users," <> basetree) |> String.to_charlist

    {:ok, last_uid_number} = get_last_ldap_uid()
    uid_number =  last_uid_number + 1
    gid_number = default_group_gid

    ldif = [
      {'uid', [user.username]},
      {'cn', [user.username]},
      {'givenName', [user.username]},
      {'sn', [user.username]},
      {'mail', [user.email]},
      {'objectClass', ["inetOrgPerson", "posixAccount", "shadowAccount"]},
      {'homeDirectory', ["/home/#{user.username}"]},
      {'loginShell', ["/bin/bash"]},
      {'userPassword', ["/bin/bash"]},
      {'uidNumber', [Integer.to_string(uid_number)]},
      {'gidNumber', [Integer.to_string(gid_number)]}
    ]

    query = fn ldap_conn ->
      case :eldap.add(ldap_conn, dn, ldif) do
        :ok ->
          :eldap.modify_password(ldap_conn, dn, to_charlist(user.password))
        err -> err
      end
    end
    query |> LDAP.execute
  end

  def register(%User{} = user) do
    case create_ldap_user(user) do
      :ok -> {:ok, get_by_username(user.username)}
      err -> err
    end
  end

  def get_by_username(username) when is_binary(username) do
    local_user = Repo.get_by(User, username: username)
    if local_user do
      local_user |> User.maybe_populate_ldap_attributes()
    else
      case get_ldap_attributes(username) do
        {:ok, %{:uid => [raw_uid], :mail => [raw_email], :dn => raw_dn}} ->
          uid = List.to_string(raw_uid)
          email = List.to_string(raw_email)
          dn = List.to_string(raw_dn)
          case Accounts.insert_user(%{username: uid, email: email, dn: dn}) do
            {:ok, user} ->
              user
            {:error, err} ->
              Logger.warn("Something went wrong importing user from LDAP: #{inspect(err)}")
              nil
          end
        {:error, err} ->
          Logger.warn("Error querying LDAP backend: #{err}")
          nil
      end
    end
  end

  def get!(id) do
    Repo.get!(User, id) |> User.maybe_populate_ldap_attributes()
  end

  @doc """
  A user changeset for registration.

  It is important to validate the length of both email and password.
  Otherwise databases may truncate the email without warnings, which
  could lead to unpredictable or insecure behaviour. Long passwords may
  also be very expensive to hash for certain algorithms.
  """
  def registration_changeset(user, attrs) do
    expected_captcha_result = attrs |> Map.get("expected_captcha")

    user
    |> cast(attrs, [:username, :password, :email, :dn, :captcha])
    |> Meta.Captcha.validate(expected_captcha_result)
    |> validate_username()
    |> validate_email()
    |> validate_password()
  end

  def insertion_changeset(user, attrs) do
    user
    |> cast(attrs, [:username, :password, :email, :dn])
    |> validate_email()
    |> validate_username()
  end

  defp validate_email(changeset) do
    changeset
    |> validate_required([:email])
    |> validate_format(:email, ~r/^[^\s]+@[^\s]+$/, message: "must have the @ sign and no spaces")
    |> validate_length(:email, max: 160)
  end

  defp validate_password(changeset) do
    changeset
    |> validate_required([:password])
    |> validate_length( :password, min: @min_password_lenght, max: @max_password_lenght)
    #|> validate_format(:password, ~r/[a-z]/, message: "at least one lower case character")
    #|> validate_format(:password, ~r/[A-Z]/, message: "at least one upper case character")
    #|> validate_format(:password, ~r/[!?@#$%^&*_0-9]/, message: "at least one digit or punctuation character")
  end

  defp validate_username(changeset) do
    check_blacklist = fn changeset ->
      username = get_field(changeset, :username)
      if TheBigUsernameBlacklist.valid?(username) do
        changeset
      else
        add_error(changeset, :username, "This username is blacklisted, you cannot use it.")
      end
    end

    changeset
    |> validate_required([:username])
    |> check_blacklist.()
  end

  @doc """
  A user changeset for changing the email.

  It requires the email to change otherwise an error is added.
  """
  def email_changeset(user, attrs) do
    user
    |> cast(attrs, [:email])
    |> validate_email()
    |> case do
      %{changes: %{email: _}} = changeset -> changeset
      %{} = changeset -> add_error(changeset, :email, "did not change")
    end
  end

  @doc """
  A user changeset for changing the password.
  """
  def password_changeset(user, attrs) do
    user
    |> cast(attrs, [:password])
    |> validate_confirmation(:password, message: "does not match password")
    |> validate_password()
  end

  @doc """
  Confirms the account by setting `confirmed_at`.
  """
  def confirm_changeset(user) do
    now = NaiveDateTime.utc_now() |> NaiveDateTime.truncate(:second)
    change(user, confirmed_at: now)
  end

  @doc """
  Verifies the password.
  """
  def valid_password?(%User{} = user, password)
  when byte_size(password) > 0 do
    query = fn ldap_conn ->
      :eldap.simple_bind(ldap_conn, user.dn, password)
    end

    case query |> LDAP.execute_single do
      :ok -> true
      {:error, _} -> false
    end
  end

  def valid_password?(_, _) do
    false
  end

  @doc """
  Validates the current password otherwise adds an error to the changeset.
  """
  def validate_current_password(changeset, password) do
    if valid_password?(changeset.data, password) do
      changeset
    else
      add_error(changeset, :current_password, "is not valid")
    end
  end

  def set_password(%User{dn: nil} = _user, _), do: {:error, "User DN must be set"}
  def set_password(_, nil), do: {:error, "Password cannot be nil"}
  def set_password(%User{dn: dn} = _user, new_password) when
  byte_size(new_password) do
    query = fn ldap_conn ->
      :eldap.modify_password(
        ldap_conn,
        to_charlist(dn),
        to_charlist(new_password)
      )
    end

    query |> LDAP.execute
  end

  def set_email(user, email) do
    ldif = :eldap.mod_replace('mail', [email |> String.to_charlist])

    query = fn ldap_conn ->
      :eldap.modify(ldap_conn, String.to_charlist(user.dn), [ldif])
    end

    query |> LDAP.execute
  end
end